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Monument Valley’s Buttes: A Guide to the Desert’s Most Famous Rock Formations
Exploring the amazing rock formations of Monument Valley in Arizona
West Mitten Butte
One of the first formations you'll see, standing opposite the East Mitten, is West Mitten Butte standing at about 1,000 feet tall above the valley floor. It reaches an elevation of 6,176 feet. It mirrors the shape of the East Mitten, creating one of the most iconic duos in the Southwest. Together, they resemble a pair of mittens rising from the desert, which is how they earned their names. The West Mitten appears broader and slightly more massive, anchoring the scene with its strong, balanced presence.
As the day progresses, the West Mitten becomes particularly stunning during sunset, when the fading light casts long shadows across the valley floor. Its bold silhouette against vibrant desert skies creates a dramatic and timeless composition that continues to captivate visitors and photographers alike.
East Mitten Butte
The East Mitten Butte is another one of the most recognizable formations in Monument Valley, named for its resemblance to a mitten rising over the desert floor at approximately 1,000 feet with an elevation of 6,226 feet. Its tall, slender profile features a distinct vertical spire that gives it the appearance of a thumb, making it especially striking when silhouetted against the glowing sky at sunrise.
Positioned slightly apart from its western counterpart, the East Mitten often catches the first light of day, illuminating its deep red sandstone layers with warm golden tones. This interplay of light and shadow enhances its texture and depth, making it a favorite subject for photographers seeking that classic Monument Valley glow.
Merrick Butte
Closely connected to the Mitten formations, Merrick Butte stands nearby with a more rugged and complex shape. Unlike the smoother, more symmetrical appearance of the Mittens, Merrick Butte features uneven edges and layered rock faces that reveal the natural forces that shaped it over time. It also stands about 1,000 feet above the valley with an elevation of 6,206 feet.
Its proximity to the Mittens allows for compelling compositions that include all three formations, especially along the valley loop road. Named after a prospector who once searched for silver in the area, Merrick Butte adds both visual contrast and historical depth to the landscape, making it an essential part of any Monument Valley experience.
Moving just outside of the park, if you are coming from Utah, you will see these stunning rock formations before you even get into the state of Arizona that sit right on the border.
Brigham's Tomb
Rising prominently from the desert floor of Monument Valley, Brigham’s Tomb is a striking rock formation known for its steep, block-like structure and commanding presence along Highway 163. Despite its name, it is not actually a burial site, but its solid, fortress-like appearance has long captured the imagination of those who pass by.
Brigham’s Tomb reaches an elevation of approximately 5,400 feet above sea level and stands about 900 feet tall from its base. Its sharply defined edges and layered sandstone textures become especially vivid in the shifting desert light, making it a compelling subject for photography. Positioned near some of the valley’s most iconic formations, it serves as both a visual anchor and a reminder of the powerful natural forces that shaped this extraordinary landscape over time.
King On His Throne
On the left side of the above photo, King on His Throne is a massive formation that resembles a seated figure overlooking the valley. Its broad surface and layered sides give it the appearance of a natural throne carved from sandstone.
This formation reaches an elevation of approximately 6,200 feet above sea level and stands around 1,200 feet tall. Its dominant, regal shape makes it one of the most visually commanding features in the northern part of the valley.
Stagecoach
In the above photo, the Stagecoach formation is the the right of King On His Throne. It is a uniquely shaped formation that resembles an old western wagon, complete with rounded contours that hint at wheels and a carriage body. Its low, elongated profile contrasts with the taller buttes nearby.
It sits at an elevation of about 5,700 feet and rises roughly 400–600 feet above the surrounding terrain. Its distinctive silhouette makes it a fun and recognizable landmark.
The Bear and Rabbit
To the right of Stagecoach in the photo above is The Bear and Rabbit. It is a whimsical pair of rock formations whose shapes resemble two animals facing one another, one larger and more rounded like a bear, the other smaller and more compact like a rabbit. Their playful forms stand out against the otherwise towering and dramatic landscape of Monument Valley.
These formations sit at an elevation of approximately 5,700 feet and rise about 300–500 feet tall. Their lower height and recognizable shapes make them a fun and memorable feature, especially for those exploring deeper into the valley.
Castle Butte
Castle Butte (left in above photo) features steep vertical walls and a flat top, giving it the appearance of a natural fortress. Its strong geometric lines make it stand out against the softer forms nearby.
It reaches an elevation near 5,900 feet and stands approximately 900 feet tall. The structure’s “castle-like” shape becomes especially striking in side lighting.
Big Chief
In the photo above to the right of Castle Butte, Big Chief is a rugged, uneven formation with a broad base and jagged upper edges, resembling a figure wearing a ceremonial headdress.
With an elevation of around 5,800 feet and a height of about 800 feet, its textured surface and irregular shape give it a powerful, weathered appearance.
If you look on the other side (west side) of the highway, you'll see more rock formations.
Eagle Mesa
Eagle Mesa on the left of above photo is defined by its broad, flat summit and steep, weathered cliff faces. Unlike the more slender spires and isolated buttes nearby, this mesa stretches outward with a strong, grounded presence, creating a sense of scale and stability across the desert terrain.
The formation reaches an elevation of approximately 6,000 feet above sea level and stands about 900–1,100 feet tall. Its layered sandstone walls reveal bands of color and texture that become especially vivid in changing light, while its expansive top contrasts beautifully with the sharper, more vertical formations scattered throughout the valley.
The Setting Hen
On the right side of the above photo, the Sitting Hen is a uniquely shaped formation that closely resembles a hen resting on the ground, with a rounded body and a slightly raised “head” formation. Its smooth contours and balanced shape make it easy to spot once you know what to look for.
It reaches an elevation of around 5,800 feet and stands approximately 400–600 feet tall. Though smaller than many of the surrounding buttes, its distinct silhouette gives it a strong visual presence.
Mitchell Butte
Near the main entrance to the park, to the right, you'll see Mitchell Butte, this butte has a more compact and isolated form, with steep sides and a rounded top similar to Merrick Butte.
It stands at an elevation of around 5,800 feet and rises approximately 900 feet tall, offering a classic butte profile.
Mitchell Mesa
Mitchell Mesa, behind Mitchell Butte in above photo, is one of the largest mesas in the valley, with a broad, flat summit and long, vertical cliff faces that drop sharply to the desert floor.
It reaches an elevation of about 6,200 feet and rises roughly 1,200 feet. Its sheer scale dominates the surrounding landscape.
Now back to inside the main park area. After you pass the three iconic buttes, you'll see Elephant Butte.
Elephant Butte
True to its name, the majestic Elephant Butte resembles the shape of an elephant, with a protruding section that looks like a trunk.
It reaches about 5,900 feet in elevation and stands roughly 900–1,000 feet tall. Its playful shape makes it easy to recognize. Below is another angle of it. As for all of the formations in the park, they each will look different depending on the angle you view it at.
On the other side of Elephant Butte when you turn around, you'll see the other side of Mitchell Mesa and the Three Sisters.
Three Sisters
At the end of Mitchell Mesa, the Three Sisters formations consist of three slender spires rising side by side, often said to resemble figures standing together which is where they got their name. These easily spotted rock formations have been featured in many movies.
These spires reach an elevation of approximately 5,700 feet and rise about 300–500 feet tall. Their narrow, vertical form contrasts beautifully with the massive mesas nearby.
John Ford's Point
As you continue a little ways down the road you will come across John Ford's Point. Perched along the scenic drive, John Ford’s Point is one of the most iconic viewpoints in the valley. Named after legendary film director John Ford, who used Monument Valley as the backdrop for many classic Western films, this location offers sweeping panoramic views of the vast desert landscape and its towering sandstone formations.
Sitting at an elevation of approximately 5,700 feet, the viewpoint itself rises only modestly above the surrounding terrain but provides a dramatic vantage point overlooking the valley floor. A narrow rock ledge extends outward, creating a natural platform that has become a favorite spot for photographers. From here, the Mittens and Merrick Butte can often be seen in the distance, framed by the endless horizon and open sky. As you can see, a storm started coming in while we were there. At this point we had to start really moving through the park faster then I wanted to to beat the storm. Read to the end to see what the storm does.
Camel Butte
Camel Butte features a distinctive double-humped profile, resembling the back of a camel resting in the desert. It is kind of like a flatter wall with round shapes and textures.
It sits at an elevation of around 5,900 feet and rises roughly 800–1,000 feet tall, making it both recognizable and visually balanced.
Rain God Mesa
Rain God Mesa is a broad, elevated formation with steep cliffs and a relatively flat top, standing prominently against the skyline. It can look very different depending on the angle you look at it.
It reaches an elevation near 6,100 feet and stands about 1,000 feet tall. Its size and position give it a strong, commanding presence. Below is another angle of Rain God Mesa as it can look dramatically different from other angles.
Thunderbird Mesa
Another large rock formation that is so different depending on the angle is Thunderbird Mesa. It is a wide, layered formation with a slightly irregular top, often associated with the mythical thunderbird in Native lore.
It rises to about 6,000 feet in elevation and stands approximately 900–1,000 feet tall, with dramatic textures revealed in shifting light.
One of my favorite views along the Scenic Road was this scene (photo above) between Thunderbird Mesa and Rain God Mesa. There are so many rock formations here to enjoy and explore. A classic beauty of the desert! Below is another view from this same area. The large mesa on the right is part of Thunderbird Mesa. You can also see the Totem Pole on the left which I thought was really cool.
Totem Pole
One of the most slender and striking formations in the valley, Totem Pole is a thin sandstone spire that rises dramatically into the sky. It's the taller spire you see in the grouping of the photo above.
It stands at an elevation of around 5,700 feet and rises approximately 450 feet tall. Its narrow, vertical shape makes it one of the most unique features in Monument Valley. Below is another angle of it.
From this area, if you turn around, you'll see another view (photo below) of the Rain God Mesa formation giving it a different look.
Sands Spring Aquifers
Another beautiful pull off area is at the Sands Spring Aquifers. From here you get an expansive 360 degree view of several rock formations. It includes another view of the grouping with the totem pole, Yei Bi Chei, Thunderbird Mesa, Spearhead Mesa, Rain God Mesa and more. Here's one of the views.
From the same vantage point looking at a different angle towards Rain God Mesa and Thunderbird Mesa along the Scenic drive, here's another beautiful view.
Then when you turn the opposite direction, you'll find yourself standing right at the base of one side of the majestic Spearhead Mesa.
Here's another broad panorama view of Spearhead at a wider angle from the same area but closer to the road.
Spearhead Mesa
At the opposite end of the above photo, Spearhead Mesa features a pointed, angular shape that resembles the tip of a spear, giving it a sharp and dramatic appearance. I'll include a photo of it later in the blog below as I'm showing the views you see in order as you take the scenic road.
It reaches an elevation near 6,000 feet and stands about 900–1,100 feet tall, with strong lines that stand out in the landscape.
Yei Bi Chei
Also from the Sand Springs area, you get a view of Yei Bi Chei Mesa. It is known for its broad, elevated form and the slender spires that stand nearby (photos above with Totem Pole). The name “Yei Bi Chei” comes from spiritual figures in the culture of the Navajo Nation, often associated with ceremonial dancers, adding deep cultural meaning to this striking area.
The mesa reaches an elevation of approximately 5,800 feet above sea level and rises about 800–1,000 feet above the valley floor. Its wide, flat top contrasts beautifully with the vertical spires beside it, creating a dramatic balance between solid mass and delicate form. As light shifts across the landscape, the textures and layers of the sandstone come to life, making Yei Bi Chei Mesa both visually captivating and culturally significant.
As you continue on the road, you will see more stunning views of Spearhead Mesa.
The road will split at a Y intersection. If you go to the right, it will take you to the Navajo Cole Talker Outpost which features my second favorite view of the park besides the three iconic buttes at the entrance, Artist's Point.
Artist's Point
Artist’s Point offers one of the most expansive and visually layered views, making it a favorite stop for photographers, like me, and visitors. From this elevated viewpoint, the valley showcases a sweeping expansive depth, revealing a stunning arrangement of buttes, mesas, and spires scattered across the desert floor. This view has also been used in many Western movies.
At an elevation of around 5,900 feet, Artist’s Point provides a slightly higher perspective that enhances the sense of scale and distance. The overlapping formations create a natural composition filled with texture, color, and contrast, especially during sunrise and sunset when the light casts long shadows and brings out the rich red tones of the sandstone. True to its name, this viewpoint captures the artistic essence of Monument Valley, offering a scene that feels vast and timeless.
From this same viewpoint area, looking the opposite direction is also where you can see the end of Spearhead Mesa showing how it got it's name.
Moving on from Artists Point, the next rock formation you'll see is Cly Butte.
Cly Butte
Cly Butte is a lesser-known butte with a simple, solid structure and steep sides that rise sharply from the valley floor. It has kind of a flat wall look.
It reaches an elevation of roughly 5,800 feet and stands about 700–900 feet tall, offering a quieter but equally beautiful presence.
It also offers a beautiful view of the side of the East Mitten butte and others which you can see in the above photos. Even in the stormy weather it was stunning. The cloudy sky was really bringing out the orange tones of the desert sand and formations.
Behind Cly Butte is what I would consider my third favorite view of the park, North Window Overlook.
North Window Overlook
The North Window Overlook offers one of the most iconic and instantly recognizable views. Perfectly framing the famous East Mitten, West Mitten, Merrick Butte, and Castle Butte, this viewpoint creates a natural “window” into the heart of the valley. The composition draws your eye across the open desert floor toward these towering formations, making it a favorite stop for photographers and first-time visitors alike.
Situated at an elevation of approximately 5,700 feet above sea level, the overlook provides a slightly elevated perspective that enhances the depth and scale of the scene. The wide, unobstructed view allows the changing light to play across the sandstone, with sunrise and sunset offering especially dramatic colors and long shadows. Whether you're capturing photos or simply taking in the view, the North Window Overlook delivers a classic Monument Valley experience that feels is expansive and breathtaking.
At the overlook, you’ll find a small stand where Navajo artisans sell handmade crafts, jewelry, and artwork. This adds a meaningful cultural element to the experience, offering visitors a chance to connect with the traditions of the Navajo Nation while supporting local artists. It’s a simple but memorable detail that enhances the overall visit, blending the natural beauty of the landscape with the living culture of the region. Due to the coming storm, there wasn't anyone set up while we were there.
From the same view point, when you turn around you'll get another view of Camel Butte and The Thumb.
The Thumb
The Thumb stands as a free-standing sandstone pinnacle, a smaller, rounded rock formation that truly resembles a giant thumb pointing upward, setting it apart from the larger buttes and mesas around it.
It sits at an elevation of approximately 5,700 feet and rises about 200–300 feet tall. Its unique shape makes it a fun and recognizable feature. This unique spire is one of the final marked features along the park’s scenic drive.
This completes the rock formations along the scenic drive of the park. We had just finished the self guided tour in time for a big unique spring storm that came in.
It sure made for some unexpected beauty that I felt blessed to capture. The sudden weather transformed the desert in a matter of minutes. What began as rain quickly shifted as temperatures dropped, turning into a mix of sleet, snow, and even hail. The precipitation spread across the valley like a thin winter blanket, an extraordinary sight in a landscape usually defined by warm, sunbaked tones.
Being our first time in the desert, we was a little nervous with the rain as flash floods can happen quickly and the scenic road is dirt. There is a hill that can be tricky to drive up. The night before we sat at the View Hotel and watched several cars have issues getting up the hill when the road was dry. We were in a rental AWD SUV so we didn't want to spend to much time out there with the weather and wasn't sure how it would handle that part of the road. We did not want to get stuck! I still did manage to get several photos as we would pull up and quickly stop to get them. What an amazing and unforgettable experience.
To see more of my professional photos I captured at Monument Valley, check out my website at https://5-jennifer-white.pixels.com/collections/monument+valley
We also took some video of this trip which also includes the sudden storm. See the video below.
Hope you get a chance to explore this amazing natural wonder. It truly is something to see and we only spent about 24 hours there.
Be Blessed!
























































